Croatian cuisine is heterogeneous and is known as a cuisine of the regions, since every region of Croatia has its own distinct culinary tradition. Its roots date back to ancient times. The differences in the selection of foodstuffs and forms of cooking are most notable between those in mainland and those in coastal regions. Mainland cuisine is more characterized by the earlier Slavic and the more recent contacts with neighboring cultures--Hungarian and Turkish, using lard for cooking, and spices such as black pepper, paprika, and garlic. The coastal region bears the influences of the Greek and Roman cuisine, as well as of the later Mediterranean cuisine, in particular Italian (especially Venetian). Coastal cuisines use olive oil, and herbs and spices such as rosemary, sage, bay leaf, oregano, marjoram, cinnamon, clove, nutmeg, and lemon and orange rind. Peasant cooking traditions are based on imaginative variations of several basic ingredients (cereals, dairy products, meat, fish, vegetables, nuts) and cooking procedures (stewing, grilling, roasting, baking), while bourgeois cuisine involves more complicated procedures and use of selected herbs and spices. Charcuterie is part of Croatian tradition in all regions. Food and recipes from other former Yugoslav countries are also popular in Croatia.
Croatian cuisine can be divided into a few regional cuisines (Istria, Dalmatia, Dubrovnik, Lika, Gorski Kotar, Zagorje, Me?imurje, Podravina, Slavonija) which all have their specific cooking traditions, characteristic for the area and not necessarily well known in other parts of Croatia. Most dishes, however, can be found all across the country, with local variants.
Video Croatian cuisine
Meat and game
- Specialities from the grill are called s ro?tilja, those roasted on the spit s ra?nja
- pe?eno means roasted
- pr?eno means fried
- pod pekom means that the dish has been put into a stone oven under a metal cover. The cook puts hot coals on the cover so that the meal is cooked slowly in its own juices. Specialties cooked pod pekom include lamb, veal, and octopus.
- na le?o means boiled in broth or water (lamb, beef, fish)
Croatian meat-based dishes include:
Maps Croatian cuisine
Seafood
Croatian seafood dishes include:
Stews
Stewed vegetables with small amount of meat or sausages (varivo or ?u?pajz) is perceived as a healthy, traditional meal. Sour cream (in Northern Croatia) or olive oil (on the coast) can be added to the plate just before serving. Stewed meat dishes are often prepared by men in open spaces, following hunting and shepherding traditions. In Dalmatian urban cuisine, spices such as cinnamon and clove, dried plums, dried figs, apples and other fruit are sometimes added to meat stews.
Pasta
Pasta is one of the most popular food items in Croatian cuisine, especially in the region of Dalmatia. Manistra na pome (pasta with tomato sauce) is a staple. The other popular sauces include creamy mushroom sauce, minced meat sauce and many others. Fresh pasta (rezanci, krpice) is added to soups and stews, or prepared with cottage cheese, cabbage, even with walnuts or poppy seed. Potato dough is popular, not only for making njoki (gnocchi), but also for making plum or cheese dumplings which are boiled, and then quickly fried in breadcrumbs and butter.
Soups
Soup is an integral part of a meal in Croatia and no Sunday family meal or any special occasion will go without it. The most popular soups are broth based, with added pasta or semolina dumplings. They are usually light in order to leave space for the main course and dessert to follow. However, cream or roux based soups are also popular, and there are many local variations of traditional soups. In Dalmatia, one of the most loved ones is the fish soup with fish chunks, carrots and rice.
- Mane?tra
- Veal soup with smoked meat
- Beef broth with vermicelli pasta
- Mushroom soup, especially with porcini
- Dill soup
- Zagorska juha with porcini mushrooms, bacon, sweet pepper
- Pre?gana juha
- Chicken soup
Side dishes
- Satara? (sliced and stewed summer vegetables)
- Mlinci (typical northwest Croatian, roasted flatbread, similar to Caucasian flatbreads)
- ?uve? (baked summer vegetables, similar to Ratatouille)
- ?al?a od pomidora (tomato salsa)
- Restani krumpir (cooked potato fried with onion)
- Blitva s krumpirom (cooked chard and potato, with olive oil and garlic)
- Povr?e na le?o (boiled vegetables seasoned with olive oil, salt and sometimes garlic). Popular way of preparing chard, kale, cabbage, green beans, potato, cauliflower, carrots, broad beans, zucchini and other vegetables as a side dish. It combines well with boiled eggs, as a lighter alternative to meat or fish based meal.
Other
Sausages and ham
Cheese (sir)
- Pa?ki sir - famous sheep's milk cheese from island of Pag
- Farmers' cheese (?kripavac) and curd cheese from the regions of Kordun and Lika
- Cheese from the Cetina region Cetinski sir
- Cheese from the Island of Krk Kr?ki sir
- Cheese from Me?imurje Turo?
- Cheese from Podravina Prga
- Cottage cheese (eaten with cream, vrhnje) from Zagorje (sir i vrhnje, often seen as quintessential Croatian traditional food)
Savoury pies
Vi?ka poga?a is a salted sardine-filled foccacia from the island of Vis. Soparnik is a Dalmatian chard-filled pie.
Pastry
- Pita
- Poga?a (farmers' bread)
- Povitica
- Bu?nica (summer squash and cottage cheese pie, can be savory or sweet)
- ?trukli (made with cottage cheese, sour cream and eggs, can be savory or sweet, boiled or baked)
- Zlevanka, simple baked corn-meal pastry with various filling (cheese, sour cream, cherries, plum jam, walnuts, nettle...)
- Vara?dinski klipi?i
Sweets and desserts
- Pala?inke (crepes) with sweet filling (Hungarian: palacsinta)
- Baklava
- Krem?nita -
- ?aum?nita -
- Zagorski ?trukli - sweet pastry from northern Croatia
- U?tipci
- Fritule
- Knedle - potato dough dumplings, usually filled with plums and rolled into buttered breadcrumbs
- Strudel (Croatian: savija?a or ?trudla) with apple or curd cheese fillings
- Orahnja?a and Makovnja?a - sweet breads with walnut or poppy seeds
- Croatian honey
- Bear's paw
- Farmer's cheese (quark) cakes (cream cake)
- Krafne, pokladnice - a type of doughnut
- Croatian pancakes (with wine and egg sauce)
- ?nenokli, paradi?ot (meringue in custard cream, floating island (dessert))
- Almond filled ravioli (rafioli)
- Homemade fruit preserves, jams, compotes
- ?upavci (lamingtons)
Cakes (kola?i)
- Ro?ata or Rozata (flan, creme caramel)
- Easter pastry Pinca
- Kro?tule (crunchy, deep-fried pastry)
- Fritule (deep-fried dough, festive pastry, particularly for Christmas)
- Bishop's bread
- Guglhupf ring cake (Croatian kuglof)
- Rapska torta (Rab cake)
- Me?imurska gibanica (Me?imurje County layer cake with apple, poppyseed, walnut and cottage cheese fillings)
- Makarana torta
- Imotska torta
Drinks
Wines
Croatia has two main wine regions: Continental (Kontinetalna) and Coastal (Primorska), which includes the islands. Each of the main regions is divided into sub-regions which are divided yet further into smaller vinogorje, (literally wine hills) and districts. Altogether, there are more than 300 geographically-defined wine-producing areas in Croatia. In parts of Croatia, wine, either red or white, is sometimes consumed mixed in approximately equal proportions with water.
Dessert wines
- Sweet Malvazija
- Mu?kat Ottonel (see: Muscat grape)
- Pro?ek
White wines
- Rajnski Rizling
- ?lahtina
- Malvazija
- Gra?evina
Red wines
- Plavac
- Postup
Beers (pivo)
Apart from the great abundance of imported beers (Heineken, Tuborg, Gösser, Stella Artois, etc.), there are home-brewed and locally brewed beers in Croatia. A brewery based in Split produces Bavarian Kaltenberg beer by licence of the original brewery in Germany.
- Karlova?ko: brewed in Karlovac [1]
- O?ujsko: brewed in Zagreb (the name refers to the month of march) [2]
- Pan
- Favorit: from Buzet, Istria
- Osje?ko: from Osijek (oldest brewery in Croatia)
- Staro ?e?ko: Czech beer from Daruvar (where a Czech minority lives), brewed in Croatia
- Rije?ko pivo: from the large seaport city of Rijeka
- Tomislav: dark beer from Zagreb
- Velebitsko pivo: brewed near Gospi? on the Velebit mountain, small but high-quality brewery, the dark beer has been voted best beer by an English beer fan website.
Liqueurs and spirits
- Maraschino
- Rakija (Croatian name for spirits), commonly made from: Lozova?a / Loza (grapes) (it.: Grappa),Travarica (Loza with herbs), ?ljivovica (plums), Kru?kovac (pears), Drenovac (cherries)
- Pelinkovac
- Orahovac (walnut liqueur)
- Medovina (honey)
- Gvirc (as Medovina, only more alcohol).
Coffee
Croatia is a country of coffee drinkers (on average 5kg per person annually), not only because it was formerly part of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire, but also because it bordered the former Ottoman Empire. Traditional coffee houses similar to those in Vienna are located throughout Croatia.
Mineral water
Regarding its water resources, Croatia has a leading position in Europe. Concerning water quality, Croatian water is greatly appreciated all over the world. Due to a lack of established industries there have also been no major incidents of water pollution.
- Jamnica - Winner of the Paris AquaExpo for best mineral water of 2003 [3]
- Lipi?ki studenac
- Jana - also belongs to Jamnica, best aromatized mineral water (Eauscar 2004)
Juices and syrups
See also
- Croatian wine
References
Further reading
- "Hrvatska za stolom - mirisi i okusi Hrvatske", Ivanka Bilu? et al., Zagreb:Alfa, Koprivnica: Podravka, 1996, 192 p., illustrated in color, (Biblioteka Anima Croatarum, 2) ISBN 953-168-104-X
- "Hrvatska vina" (Croatian wines), Fazini? Nevenko, Milat Vinko, illustrated, 159 p., 1994, ISBN 953-173-061-X
- "Nova hrvatska kuhinja" (New Croatian cuisine), Davor Butkovi?, Ana Ugarkovi?, Profil international, Zagreb, 2005, 272 p., ISBN 953-12-0164-1
- Callec, Christian (2003), written at The Netherlands, Wine: A Comprehensive Look at the World's Best Wine, New York: Random House (published 2002), ISBN 0-517-22165-9 .
Source of article : Wikipedia
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